Chip mhinduro dzehutano uye zvekurapa mudziyo maapplication
Kuronga kunodiwa kugadzira machipisi ekushandisa kwekurapa kwakasiyana chaizvo nedzimwe nzvimbo, uye kwakatosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kumishoni-yakakosha misika senge mota dzinozvityaira.Pasinei nerudzi rwechigadzirwa chekurapa, zvisinei, dhizaini yekurapa chip ichasangana nematambudziko matatu makuru: kushandiswa kwesimba, kuchengetedza uye kuvimbika.
Mukuvandudza kwema semiconductors anoshandiswa muhutano, vagadziri vanofanirwa kutanga vaona kuti kushomeka kwesimba rekushandisa kwemidziyo yekurapa, midziyo inoisirwa inodiwa zvakanyanya kune izvi, nekuti michina yakadai inoda kuvhiyiwa kuiswa mumuviri uye kubviswa, simba rekushandisa rinofanira kunge rakaderera. , kazhinji, vanachiremba nevarwere vanoda kuisirwa mishonga yekurapa inogona kugara makore gumi kusvika makumi maviri, pane makore mashoma ega ega kutsiva bhatiri.
Midziyo mizhinji isina kuisirwa mishonga yekurapa inodawo madhizaini ekupedzisira-akaderera-simba, nekuti midziyo yakadai inofambiswa nebhatiri (senge fitness trackers paruoko).Vagadziri vanofanirwa kufunga nezve tekinoroji senge yakaderera-leakage process, voltage domains uye switchable power domains kudzikisa inoshanda uye yekumira mashandisiro emagetsi.
Kuvimbika ndiyo mukana wekuti chip ichaita basa rinodiwa zvakanaka munzvimbo yakapihwa (mukati memuviri wemunhu, paruoko, nezvimwewo) kwenguva yakatarwa, iyo ichasiyana zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwechigadzirwa chekurapa.Kukundikana kwakawanda kunoitika padanho rekugadzira kana pedyo nekuguma kwehupenyu, uye chikonzero chaicho chichasiyana zvichienderana nechaicho chigadzirwa.Semuenzaniso, nguva yehupenyu hwelaptop kana nharembozha ingangoita makore matatu.
Kupera kwehupenyu kukundikana kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekukwegura kwe transistor uye electromigration.Kuchembera kunoreva kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kwekuita kwetransistor nekufamba kwenguva, zvinozopedzisira zvaita kuti chishandiso chisakundikana.Electromigration, kana kufamba kusingadiwi kwemaatomu nekuda kwehuwandu hwazvino, ndicho chikonzero chakakosha chekutadza kwekubatanidza pakati pema transistors.Iyo yakakwirira yezvino density kuburikidza nemutsara, iyo yakakura mukana wekukundikana munguva pfupi.
Kushanda kwakakodzera kwemidziyo yekurapa kwakakosha, saka kuvimbika kunoda kuve nechokwadi pakutanga kwechikamu chekugadzira uye mukati mekuita.Panguva imwecheteyo, kuderedza kusiyanisa muchikamu chekugadzira kwakakosha zvakare.Synopsys inopa yakakwana yekuvimbika yekuongorora mhinduro, inowanzonzi PrimeSim Kuvimbika Analysis, iyo inosanganisira magetsi ekutonga mutemo, kukanganisa kutevedzera, kusiyanisa ongororo, electromigration ongororo, uye transistor kuchembera kuongorora.
Iyo data yakavanzika yekurapa inounganidzwa nemidziyo yekurapa inoda kuchengetedzwa kuitira kuti vashandi vasina mvumo vasakwanise kuwana ruzivo rwekurapa rwepachivande.Vagadziri vanofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti michina yekurapa haibatike kune chero nzira yekukanganisa, senge mukana wekuti vanhu vasina hunhu vanobira pacemaker kukuvadza murwere.Nekuda kweiyo nyowani pneumonia denda, nzvimbo yekurapa iri kuwedzera kushandisa michina yakabatana kuderedza njodzi yekusangana nevarwere uye nekurerutsira.Iyo yakanyanya kubatana iri kure inotangwa, iyo yakakura mukana wekutyorwa kwedata uye kumwe kurwiswa kwecyber.
Kubva pamaonero ezvishandiso zvekugadzira chip, vanogadzira chip chip vanogadzira hapana akasiyana maturusi kubva kune anoshandiswa mune mamwe maapplication mamiriro;EDA, IP cores, uye kuvimbika maturusi ekuongorora zvese zvakakosha.Zvishandiso izvi zvichabatsira vanogadzira kuronga zvinobudirira kuti vawane ultra-low power chip designs nekuwedzera kuvimbika, vachifunga nezvezvipingamupinyi zvenzvimbo uye kuchengetedza zvinhu, izvo zvakakosha kune hutano hwemurwere, ruzivo rwekuchengetedza uye kuchengetedzwa kwehupenyu.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kubuda kwekorona nyowani kwaitawo kuti vanhu vakawanda vaone kukosha kwehurongwa hwekurapa uye michina yekurapa.Munguva yedenda, maventilator akashandiswa kubatsira varwere vane kukuvara kwakanyanya kwemapapu nekubatsirwa kufema.Ventilator masisitimu anoshandisa semiconductor sensors uye processors kutarisa zvakakosha masaini.Masensor anoshandiswa kuona chiyero chemurwere, huwandu uye huwandu hweokisijeni pakufema uye kugadzirisa mwero weokisijeni zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemurwere.Iyo processor inodzora kumhanya kwemota kubatsira murwere pakufema.
Uye inotakurika ultrasound mudziyo unogona kuona zviratidzo zvehutachiona senge maronda emapapu muvarwere uye nekukasira kuona maficha eacute pneumonia ane hukama neiyo coronavirus itsva pasina kumirira kuongororwa nucleic acid.Midziyo yakadaro yakamboshandisa piezoelectric crystals se ultrasound probes, iyo inowanzoita mari inodarika zviuru zana zvemadhora.Nekutsiva piezoelectric crystal ne semiconductor chip, mudziyo unongodhura zviuru zvishoma zvemadhora uye unobvumira kuti zvive nyore kuona uye kuongorora kwemukati memuviri wemurwere.
Iyo coronavirus nyowani iri kuwedzera uye haisati yapera zvachose.Zvakakosha kuti nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzitarise kudziya kwenhamba yakawanda yevanhu.Ikozvino kupisa kwekufungidzira makamera kana kusingabatanidze huma infrared thermometers inzira mbiri dzakajairika dzekuita izvi, uye izvi zvishandiso zvinovimbawo nemasemiconductors akadai semasensa uye analog chips kushandura data senge tembiricha kuita kuverenga kwedhijitari.
Indasitiri yezvehutano inoda maturusi epamusoro eEDA kusangana nematambudziko anhasi anogara achichinja.Zvishandiso zveEDA zvepamberi zvinogona kupa mhinduro dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai sekushandisa chaiyo-nguva yekugadziridza data kusimba pahardware uye software mazinga, system yekubatanidza (kubatanidza zvikamu zvakawanda sezvinobvira kuita imwe-chip chikuva), uye kuongorora kukanganisa kwepasi-. magadzirirwo emagetsi pakupisa kupisa uye hupenyu hwebhatiri.Semiconductors chikamu chakakosha chezvishandiso zvakawanda zvekurapa zvemazuva ano, zvinopa mabasa akadai sekutonga kwekushandisa, kugadzirisa data uye kuchengetedza, kubatana kusina waya, uye kutonga kwesimba.Zvishandiso zvechinyakare zvekurapa hazvina kutsamira kune semiconductors, uye michina yekurapa inoshandisa semiconductors haingoite mabasa echinyakare michina yekurapa, asi zvakare inovandudza mashandiro emidziyo yekurapa uye kuderedza mutengo.
Indasitiri yezvishandiso zvekurapa iri kusimukira nekukurumidza, uye vanogadzira chip vari kugadzira uye kuenderera mberi nekufambisa hunyanzvi muchizvarwa chinotevera chemidziyo inoisirwa, zvishandiso zvechipatara uye zvekupfeka zvehutano.
